Magna carta
It was a document given to the queen/king to limit their unlimited power during the year 1215 A.D. The Barons tried to limit King John's power, because he abused it. The Magna Carta is the most important document in Medieval England. "Magna Carta" in Latin means "Great Charter". This document influenced Jamestown, because this let them have more freedom, vote for their own government and rules that they wanted.
Beliefs
A lot of colonists came to the New World, because of their beliefs. Two of the most famous groups are the Pilgrims in Massachusetts and the Quakers Pennsylvania. Religious freedom was mostly focused in the Middle Colonies, because all of the four colonies have freedom of religion. These colonists also believed that they should be able to govern themselves.
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Plymouth
The Puritans (a powerful religious group) was being persecuted by England for not following the Catholic religion. They are one of the most well known English Protestants in the 16-17th centuries, or Protests of Church. The Puritans didn’t believed that the Pope was the head of the church and protested against the Catholic religion. The king gave the Puritans charters to travel to the New World. But they are known as the Pilgrims.They came to the New World to explore new lands and settlements, and to practice their religion and spread their beliefs.
But before they landed in Massachusetts, they were smart enough to come up with a document called the Mayflower Compact. They created this government to be successful, and the purpose of those laws was for all the good purpose of the colony. It was the first governing document written in the New World. The most effect the Compact had on future government, was people realized they needed a government, and they created their own.
Originally, they wanted to land by the Hudson River by Virginia. Instead, they landed in the shores of Cape Cod, which is present-day Massachusetts. The Native Americans were very kind and helped them grow food by showing them to use fish as fertilizers. They also built their own house, and started the famous holiday: Thanksgiving.
But before they landed in Massachusetts, they were smart enough to come up with a document called the Mayflower Compact. They created this government to be successful, and the purpose of those laws was for all the good purpose of the colony. It was the first governing document written in the New World. The most effect the Compact had on future government, was people realized they needed a government, and they created their own.
Originally, they wanted to land by the Hudson River by Virginia. Instead, they landed in the shores of Cape Cod, which is present-day Massachusetts. The Native Americans were very kind and helped them grow food by showing them to use fish as fertilizers. They also built their own house, and started the famous holiday: Thanksgiving.
Jamestown
Jamestown was founded in 1607 by John Smith in Virginia, sponsored by the Virginia Company. John Smith stepped up to be a leader, and they developed their own elective government called the House of Burgesses. The House of Burgesses was an assembly of only men that worked and wrote laws for their colony. In the beginning the colony was failing because they settled in a swampy area with diseased mosquitoes and farming was poor. But later they started farming and planting tobacco (which is a cash crop). The Native Americans taught them to “cure tobacco” (drying it and then smoking it). The women in Jamestown was introduced in 1619 by the Virginia Company. Their job was to make everything by hand: food, clothes, family, raise kids, medicine, chores, and a lot more. Also to have a wife you have to pay 150 pounds of tobacco to the Virginia Company.
Proprietary colony |
royal colony |
English Bill Of Rights
mercantilism
Mercantilism is an economic system in which a country attempts wealth through trade with other countries, exporting goods more than it imports, and increasing stores of gold and precious metals. How it works is the Colonizing Country would ship manufacture goods (like a chair) to the Colony. Then the colony ships back raw materials (wood). For example, if England ships Jamestown wood for $5, Jamestown would make it into a chair, ship it back to England and sell it for $50. That’s how they made profit. In 1660 and 1696, the Navigation Acts were made.
- The rules were only a British ship could transport imported/exported goods from the colonies.
- Only people who were allowed to trade with the colonies had to be British citizens.
- Commodities like sugar, tobacco, cotton wool and others which was produced in the New World colonies could only be exported to the British ports.
slave trade
The Triangle Trade was what started the slave trade. Triangle trade was 3 popular trading ports that was shaped like a triangle. The best known trading system is this triangular thing, because during the 16-19th centuries, the ships that traded around carried: slaves (the most of them all), tobacco, sugar, rum, and other important resources. The 3 ports were West Africa, near the Caribbeans, and England. An example would be sugar from the Caribbeans to Europe where it’d be made into rum. Then they’d ship it to Africa and then Africa would give away people as slaves in exchanged for the rum and many other resources. Then the slaves would be shipped to the New World.
The Middle Passage (the middle of the Triangle Trade). The Englishmen would arrive to West Africa with goodies in exchange for slaves. They’d be then loaded onto a ship with little cramped up space, with little food and water, and they’d be chain next to each other. Even some of the Africans thought the English were cannibals!
They also had something else called the slave codes. It was laws within the colonies that defined the statuses of the African Americans and the power the owners had over slave. The law pretty much gave owners complete control over the slaves.
The Middle Passage (the middle of the Triangle Trade). The Englishmen would arrive to West Africa with goodies in exchange for slaves. They’d be then loaded onto a ship with little cramped up space, with little food and water, and they’d be chain next to each other. Even some of the Africans thought the English were cannibals!
They also had something else called the slave codes. It was laws within the colonies that defined the statuses of the African Americans and the power the owners had over slave. The law pretty much gave owners complete control over the slaves.
Tidewater vs Back country living:
The Tidewater was along the Atlantic coasts. They called it “Tidewaters” because of their location on the coastal plains. Colonists found out that it was best to grow cash crops like tobacco and rice on their large plantations. Their life centered around the “main house” which was where the family lived richly and had guests over, etc. Even though they had slaves (20-100) that did all the work. The slaves worked on the field, some people were carpenters, barrel makers, blacksmiths, or some other worked in the main houses to cook, clean, and like housekeepers.
The Back country south was west of the Appalachian Mountains with rolling hills and forest. These people were the better side of the country. They treated others equally (democratic), they had less smaller farm so that meant less slaves, they had just enough food to survive, and because of the hardship neighbors were closer together and treated each others kindly.
The Back country south was west of the Appalachian Mountains with rolling hills and forest. These people were the better side of the country. They treated others equally (democratic), they had less smaller farm so that meant less slaves, they had just enough food to survive, and because of the hardship neighbors were closer together and treated each others kindly.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut:
Thomas Hooker and other settlers wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in 1639. It gave rights for all men to vote that were property owners or non-church members. And it limited the governor's powers. It is considered by some to be the basics of the United States Constitutions.
GOVERNMENT of the 13 colonies
Virginia: Charter, later Royal 1624
Plymouth: Charter, Later Massachusetts
Massachusetts: Charter, later Royal 1686
Rhode Island: Charter
Connecticut: Charter
New Hampshire: Proprietary, later royal 1686
New York: Proprietary, later royal
New Jersey: Proprietary, later royal 1702
Maryland: Proprietary
Pennsylvania: Proprietary
Delaware: Proprietary
North Carolina: Proprietary, later royal 1729
South Carolina: Proprietary, later royal 1729
Georgia: Proprietary, later royal 1751
Plymouth: Charter, Later Massachusetts
Massachusetts: Charter, later Royal 1686
Rhode Island: Charter
Connecticut: Charter
New Hampshire: Proprietary, later royal 1686
New York: Proprietary, later royal
New Jersey: Proprietary, later royal 1702
Maryland: Proprietary
Pennsylvania: Proprietary
Delaware: Proprietary
North Carolina: Proprietary, later royal 1729
South Carolina: Proprietary, later royal 1729
Georgia: Proprietary, later royal 1751
bibliography
http://www.chlive.org/kkaplan/13_colonies.htm
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/ushistory/13colonies2.htm
http://www.timepage.org/spl/13colony.html#mass
http://www.celebrateboston.com/history/delaware.htm
http://www.landofthebrave.info/
http://www.landofthebrave.info/american-history-of-13-colonies.htm
http://www.slideshare.net/trishtabler/the-thirteen-colonies
http://mrnussbaum.com/13colonies/13regions/
http://www.kidinfo.com/american_history/colonization_mid_colonies.html
http://avoca37.org/12claray/2011/02/09/pennsylvania-colonial-brochure/
Google Images
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/ushistory/13colonies2.htm
http://www.timepage.org/spl/13colony.html#mass
http://www.celebrateboston.com/history/delaware.htm
http://www.landofthebrave.info/
http://www.landofthebrave.info/american-history-of-13-colonies.htm
http://www.slideshare.net/trishtabler/the-thirteen-colonies
http://mrnussbaum.com/13colonies/13regions/
http://www.kidinfo.com/american_history/colonization_mid_colonies.html
http://avoca37.org/12claray/2011/02/09/pennsylvania-colonial-brochure/
Google Images